Greece is a country it has always loomed large in the American imagination. With its magnificent Mediterranean landscape, towering mountains and more than 6,000 islands, it is a nation where magical memories are made.
It is also a nation steeped in rich history. One of the world's greatest ancient civilizations, it made essential contributions to government, philosophy, literature and the arts, forming the world's first democracy in Athens in 508 BC.
With a large and vibrant population of Greek Americans, Greek cuisine spread everywhere. From rich lamb dishes, moussaka, spanakopita and souvlaki to gyros topped with Greece's signature sauce, yogurt-based tzatziki, Greek cuisine offers many classics that have achieved international fame.
Baklava, a rich pastry made with honey and a mixture of nuts and spices, is as associated with Greece as ouzo, the national alcohol, an aniseed aperitif that is almost a must-have to accompany any what a meal.
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The Greek flag (Nicolas Economou/NurPhoto via Getty Images)
In the modern era, Greece has seen occupation by the Italians and German forces during World War II, but it became a democratic market economy during the post-war reconstruction of Europe.
When the Soviet Union's Iron Curtain descended on Eastern Europe, Greece was spared the ravages of communism, aided by forceful diplomatic intervention from the United States and communism . United Kingdom to ensure that the nation did not fall under the Soviet sphere of influence.
Although Greece has since experienced a somewhat turbulent social, political and economic history, including a civil war and a series of economic crises, it remains an extremely popular tourist destination and its appeal is so varied that it offers something for everyone the world.
Athens
Athens is the national capital and probably the start and end of any Greek excursion. Not only does it have the country's main international airport, but nearby Piraeus is also the country's main port, where huge ferries connect the mainland with the islands daily.
Athens has history and great beaches. (iStock)
Athens is a city brimming with history, culture and architecture and is best explored on foot. Top destinations include the Acropolis, with its iconic Parthenon; the ancient Agora; Monastirki and its accompanying market; and the National Archaeological Museum. The Parthenon is Greece's most famous attraction.
This is a temple commissioned by Pericles in 447 BC and dedicated to the patron goddess of Athens, Athena. Perched on a rocky promontory overlooking the city, it still offers a breathtaking spectacle today.
Thessaloniki
Thessaloniki is the second largest city in Greece and a fascinating tourist destination in its own right. Its most famous icon is the 15th-century White Tower, located on the city center waterfront. Inside is an interesting and in-depth exhibit documenting the city's history and its role as a crossroads of civilizations.
The Roman-built Arch of Galerius, built to commemorate an epic victory over the Persians, sits next to the Rotunda, which historians believe may have been built as a mausoleum for Galerius.
Just south of Thessaloniki is the laid-back seaside town of Kalamaria. With affordable prices for beachfront hotels and dozens of excellent restaurants offering traditional Greek dishes, sushi, pizza and everything in between, it has long been a popular choice for budget-conscious travelers, both foreign and domestic. It is also easily accessible, just 10 minutes from the airport.
Mykonos
Mykonos has built a reputation as one of the most glamorous Mediterranean vacation destinations. It offers fine dining, a loud nightclub and entertainment scene as well as long, pristine beaches including Kalafatis and Platys Gialos. It has long attracted an artistic and intellectual clientele with its concerts, theater, dance and art galleries.
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An added advantage is its proximity to the island of Delos, one of the The most important archaeological sites in Greece. It is the birthplace of Artemis and Apollo in Greek mythology and has served as an important religious pilgrimage site throughout Greek history. Today, visitors can admire mosaics, temple ruins, and a trio of 7th-century BC structures: the Lion's Terrace, the Theater, and the Theater District.
Santorini
Bright white Santorini, with its internationally renowned sunsets, is arguably Greece's most famous island destination. This volcanic island presents black sand beachesimposing cliffs and picturesque villages and is regularly visited by major cruise lines.
Sunset at dawn in Oia village, Greece (iStock)
Fira, the capital, is perched on an imposing cliff and offers stunning views of the surrounding islands. At the northern tip of the island, west-facing Oia is famous for having the most beautiful sunset in the Mediterranean. Thousands of tourists gather each day at the end of the day to admire the last rays of the sun shining on the picturesque whitewashed buildings.
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For those looking for a laid-back beachfront experience, Kamari, on the east of the island, is a great choice. Not to be missed are the ruins of Thera, which dominate the island, and are best reached by mountain bike, which can be rented at reasonable prices from many places around the island.
